A female having low total testosterone and high free testosterone can be due to a variety of factors. Let's explore some potential causes:
- Hormonal Imbalance: The balance between different hormones in the body is intricate. A disruption in this balance, such as changes in estrogen or other androgens, can affect testosterone levels. For instance, a decrease in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) can lead to higher levels of free testosterone, even if total testosterone is low.
- Medications and Supplements: Certain medications, including hormonal contraceptives or steroids, can influence testosterone levels. Some supplements, especially those aimed at athletes, might also alter testosterone levels.
- Medical Conditions: Conditions like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can lead to increased levels of free testosterone. Other health issues, such as thyroid disorders or adrenal gland disorders, can also impact hormone levels.
- Lifestyle Factors: Diet, physical activity, and stress levels can all influence hormone levels. For example, extreme physical stress or poor nutrition can disrupt normal hormonal functions.
- Age and Menopause: Hormone levels naturally fluctuate with age, and the approach of menopause can significantly change the balance of hormones, including testosterone.
- Liver or Kidney Function: Since hormones are processed in the liver and kidneys, compromised function of these organs can impact hormone levels, including the balance between total and free testosterone.